Filled Plots

Layer confidence bands, stacked areas, and smooth fills to emphasize ranges instead of lines.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

import dartwork_mpl as dm

# Apply scientific style preset
# Default: font.size=7.5, lines.linewidth=0.5, axes.linewidth=0.3
dm.style.use("scientific")

# Generate sample data
x = np.linspace(0, 10, 100)
y1 = np.sin(x) + 2
y2 = np.cos(x) + 2
y3 = 0.5 * np.sin(2 * x) + 2

# Upper and lower bounds for fill_between
y_upper = y1 + 0.5
y_lower = y1 - 0.5

# Stacked area data
y_stack1 = np.sin(x) + 1
y_stack2 = np.cos(x) + 1
y_stack3 = 0.5 * np.sin(2 * x) + 1

# Create figure (square-ish): 16 cm wide, 12 cm tall
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(dm.cm2in(16), dm.cm2in(12)), dpi=300)

# Create GridSpec for 4 subplots (2x2)
gs = fig.add_gridspec(
    nrows=2,
    ncols=2,
    left=0.08,
    right=0.98,
    top=0.92,
    bottom=0.12,
    wspace=0.25,
    hspace=0.5,
)

# Panel A: fill_between
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 0])
# Main line: lw=0.7
ax1.plot(x, y1, color="oc.blue5", lw=0.7, label="Mean", alpha=0.8)
# Fill between: alpha=0.2, edgecolors='none'
ax1.fill_between(
    x,
    y_lower,
    y_upper,
    color="oc.blue2",
    alpha=0.2,
    edgecolors="none",
    label="Range",
)
ax1.set_xlabel("Time [s]", fontsize=dm.fs(0))
ax1.set_ylabel("Value", fontsize=dm.fs(0))
ax1.set_title("Fill Between", fontsize=dm.fs(1))
ax1.legend(loc="best", fontsize=dm.fs(-1), ncol=1)
# Set explicit ticks
ax1.set_xticks([0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10])
ax1.set_yticks([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])

# Panel B: Stacked area plot
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 1])
# Stacked areas: alpha=0.7 for each, edgecolors='none'
ax2.fill_between(
    x,
    0,
    y_stack1,
    color="oc.blue5",
    alpha=0.7,
    edgecolors="none",
    label="Layer 1",
)
ax2.fill_between(
    x,
    y_stack1,
    y_stack1 + y_stack2,
    color="oc.red5",
    alpha=0.7,
    edgecolors="none",
    label="Layer 2",
)
ax2.fill_between(
    x,
    y_stack1 + y_stack2,
    y_stack1 + y_stack2 + y_stack3,
    color="oc.green5",
    alpha=0.7,
    edgecolors="none",
    label="Layer 3",
)
ax2.set_xlabel("Time [s]", fontsize=dm.fs(0))
ax2.set_ylabel("Cumulative Value", fontsize=dm.fs(0))
ax2.set_title("Stacked Area Plot", fontsize=dm.fs(1))
ax2.legend(loc="best", fontsize=dm.fs(-1), ncol=1)
# Set explicit ticks
ax2.set_xticks([0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10])
ax2.set_yticks([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

# Panel C: Multiple filled regions
ax3 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 0])
# Multiple fills: alpha=0.3 for each
ax3.fill_between(
    x,
    0,
    y1,
    color="oc.blue5",
    alpha=0.3,
    edgecolors="oc.blue7",
    linewidth=0.3,
    label="Region 1",
)
ax3.fill_between(
    x,
    y1,
    y2,
    color="oc.red5",
    alpha=0.3,
    edgecolors="oc.red7",
    linewidth=0.3,
    label="Region 2",
)
ax3.fill_between(
    x,
    y2,
    y3,
    color="oc.green5",
    alpha=0.3,
    edgecolors="oc.green7",
    linewidth=0.3,
    label="Region 3",
)
# Overlay lines: lw=0.7
ax3.plot(x, y1, color="oc.blue5", lw=0.7, alpha=0.8)
ax3.plot(x, y2, color="oc.red5", lw=0.7, alpha=0.8)
ax3.plot(x, y3, color="oc.green5", lw=0.7, alpha=0.8)
ax3.set_xlabel("Time [s]", fontsize=dm.fs(0))
ax3.set_ylabel("Value", fontsize=dm.fs(0))
ax3.set_title("Multiple Filled Regions", fontsize=dm.fs(1))
ax3.legend(loc="best", fontsize=dm.fs(-1), ncol=1)
# Set explicit ticks
ax3.set_xticks([0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10])
ax3.set_yticks([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])

# Panel D: Baseline comparison with hatching
ax4 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 1])
baseline = 1.5 + 0.2 * np.sin(0.8 * x)
ax4.fill_between(
    x,
    baseline,
    baseline + 0.8,
    color="oc.gray3",
    alpha=0.3,
    edgecolors="oc.gray6",
    linewidth=0.3,
    label="Band A",
)
ax4.fill_between(
    x,
    baseline + 0.8,
    baseline + 1.6,
    color="oc.orange5",
    alpha=0.25,
    edgecolors="oc.orange7",
    linewidth=0.3,
    hatch="//",
    label="Band B",
)
ax4.plot(x, baseline, color="0.1", lw=0.7, label="Baseline")
ax4.set_xlabel("Time [s]", fontsize=dm.fs(0))
ax4.set_ylabel("Value", fontsize=dm.fs(0))
ax4.set_title("Layered Bands with Baseline", fontsize=dm.fs(1))
ax4.legend(loc="best", fontsize=dm.fs(-1), ncol=1)
ax4.set_xticks([0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10])
ax4.set_yticks([1, 2, 3, 4])

# Optimize layout
dm.simple_layout(fig, gs=gs)

# Show plot
plt.show()